Also known as: AV fistula
An AV fistula, or arteriovenous fistula, is established by directly connecting an individual’s artery and vein, typically in the arm. This procedure can often be performed as an outpatient operation with the use of a local anesthetic. As blood begins to flow from the connected artery to the vein, the vein gradually increases in size and strength. Patients are instructed to engage in exercises, such as squeezing a rubber ball, to facilitate the maturation and strengthening of the fistula, a process that typically spans from six weeks to four months or even longer. Once the fistula has fully matured, it can provide efficient blood flow for several years of hemodialysis.
Renowned kidney and hemodialysis experts, including organizations like the National Kidney Foundation (NKF), Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), the American Association of Kidney Patients (AAKD), and others, consider the fistula to be the “gold standard” choice for vascular access. Research studies have substantiated that patients with a fistula experience fewer complications, such as infections or clotting, in comparison to all other available access options.
