An individual diagnosed with stage 2 chronic kidney disease (CKD) experiences kidney damage accompanied by a mild decline in their glomerular filtration rate (GFR), typically ranging from 60-89 ml/min. At this stage, observable symptoms indicating kidney damage are typically absent. Due to the kidney’s remarkable ability to function effectively even when not operating at full capacity, most individuals are unaware of their stage 2 CKD status. Detection often occurs during testing for other conditions, such as diabetes or high blood pressure, which are the leading causes of kidney disease.

Indications of stage 2 kidney disease may include:

• Elevated levels of creatinine or urea in the bloodstream.
• Presence of blood or protein in the urine.
• Evidence of kidney damage detected in an MRI, CT scan, ultrasound, or contrast X-ray.
• A family history of polycystic kidney disease (PKD).

Treatment for stage 2 kidney disease involves:

Regular testing for protein in the urine and serum creatinine to monitor the progression of kidney damage. Adopting a healthy lifestyle can aid in slowing the advancement of kidney disease. Recommendations for individuals in stage 2 CKD include:

1. Following a balanced diet:
   • Including a variety of grains, with an emphasis on whole grains, along with fresh fruits and vegetables.
   • Transitioning to a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol while maintaining moderate total fat consumption.
   • Limited consumption of refined and processed foods high in sugar and sodium.
   • Selecting and preparing foods with reduced salt or high-sodium ingredients.
   • Striving for a healthy weight, consuming adequate calories, and incorporating daily physical activity.
   • Keeping protein intake within a healthy range, as recommended by a renal dietitian.
   • Consuming vitamins and minerals as advised by a doctor.
   • Typically, potassium and phosphorus restrictions are not necessary unless blood levels are elevated.
2. Maintaining healthy blood pressure levels:
   • 125/75 for individuals with diabetes.
   • 130/85 for those without diabetes or proteinuria.
   • 125/75 for individuals without diabetes but with proteinuria.
3. Effectively managing blood sugar levels, particularly in cases of diabetes.
4. Scheduling regular checkups with a healthcare provider, including serum creatinine tests to measure GFR.
5. Adhering to prescribed medications as directed by a physician.
6. Engaging in regular physical exercise.
7. Cessation of smoking.

Living with stage 2 kidney disease:

While there is no cure for kidney disease, it may be possible to halt or slow down its progression through appropriate treatment and lifestyle adjustments. In many cases, the right therapeutic interventions and lifestyle changes can extend an individual’s overall health and the longevity of their kidneys.